根据7月12日《联邦公报》报道，美国国土安全部和移民局联合宣布了对STEM专业范围修订的消息，其中涉及到新增8个专业领域的决定。该决定的宣布意味着，这些专业将具备申请24个月的OPT延期资格。
OPT即Optional Practical Training（专业实习）。是美国F1签证学生毕业后的实习期。一般被认为是留学生在拿到H1B工作签证之前的过渡性签证。
OPT一共分为两种类型：普通OPT和STEM OPT。普通OPT的期限为12个月，而STEM OPT可以获得额外的24个月延期，共计3年。
新增的8个研究领域被纳入STEM：
1）Landscape Architecture ( 04.0601 景观设计)包括：
Geology and Hydrology
Soils, Groundcovers, and Horticultural elements
Project and Site Planning
Landscape Design, History, and Theory
Environmental Design
Applicable Law and Regulations
Professional Responsibilities and Standards
2）Institutional Research ( 13.0608 机构研究)包括：
Data AnalysisData-driven Decision-makingData MiningHigher Education Administration and OrganizationResearch MethodsStatistics
3）Mechatronics, Robotics, and Automation Engineering Technology /Technician(15.0407 机电一体化、机器人与自动化工程技术)包括:
Computer and Software Engineering
Control Engineering
Electronic and Electrical Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
Robotics
4）Composite Materials Technology/Technician(15.0617 复合材料技术/技术员)包括:
Computer-Aided Design and Drafting
Composite Materials and Processes
Composite Maintenance
Composite Manufacturing
Composite Repair
Material Science
Mold Manufacturing and Production
5）Linguistics and Computer Science (30.4801 语言和计算机科学)包括:
Computer Programming
Human Languages
Linguistic Analysis
Logic
Natural Language Processing
Semantics
Machine Learning
Psycholinguistics
Software Engineering
Syntax
6）Developmental and Adolescent Psychology( 42.2710 发展心理学和青少年心理学）包括:
Cognitive and Perceptual Development
Emotional Development
Personality Development
The Effects of Biological Maturation on Behaviour
Theories of Cognitive Growth and Related Research Methods
Testing and Assessment Methods for Different Age Levels
Research on Child and Adolescent Behaviour Therapy
The Psychology of Aging
7）Geospatial-Intelligence ( 43.0407 地理空间情报)包括：
Aerial Photography Analysis
Cartography
Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
Physical Geography
Remote Sensing
Spatial Programming
Quantitative Methods in Geographic Research
8）Demography and Population studies( 45.0501 人口学与人口研究)包括:
Population Growth
Spatial Distribution
Mortality and Fertility Factors
Migration
Dynamic Population Modeling
Population Estimation and Projection
Mathematical and Statistical Analysis of Population Data
Population Policy Studies
Applications to Problems in Economics and Government Planning
但注意！具体能否拿到资格，还得看你就读的美国大学是否提交了相应材料给政府，将该专业申请为STEM。
事实上，美国为了吸纳STEM领域人才，不断在颁布利好新举措。早在2022年，美国国土安全部就宣布扩大STEM专业领域范围，一次性增加了22个新专业：
STEM专业新增+OPT延期，从而让更多的留学生有充分时间在美国求职实习、就业。OPT不仅是在美国积累工作经验的途径，也是取得美国工作签证H1B的重要途径。
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